Divyayatan - A Journal of Lakulish Yoga University
ŚRĪ VAṬUKANĀTHA: A UNIQUE DĪKṢITAR KR̥TI EXHIBITING THE CONCEPT OF KṢETRAPĀLA
Śrī Vaṭukanātha is a unique composition by Muttuswāmi Dīkṣitar in the rāga Dēvakriya. This composition is set in the Tāl̥a Miśra Cāpu. This kr̥ti is on Śri Vaṭuka Bhairava or Baṭuka Bhairava, one among the fierce form of Lord Śiva. Sanskrit is the medium of language used in this composition. Understanding and analysing the Sangīta and Sāhitya of this distinctive composition is the main goal of this paper. Concept of Vaṭuka Bhairava and Kṣetrapāla, various art traditions related with this theme will also be understood through this work.
Vaṭukanātha, Dēvakriya, Muthuswāmi Dīkṣitar, Baṭuka Bhairava, Thiruvaiyyāru, Baṭu, Kṣētrapāla
Copyright (c) 2025 Vineetha K, Dr. Prabhavathy. P. N (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
APPLYING THE PRINCIPLES OF YOGA VASISTHA TO ENHANCE THE STUDY PRACTICES AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF MODERN-DAY STUDENTS
The integration of ancient wisdom with contemporary practices can offer valuable insights into improving modern education. This paper explores the principles found in Yoga Vasistha—a key text in the Vedantic tradition—and applies them to the study habits and academic performance of students. Specifically, it focuses on two sets of principles: the four "gatekeepers to Nirvana"—self-control, inquiry, contentment, and company of holy ones—and the four parameters that define the outcome of any action: place (Desha), time (Kaal), material (Dravya), and quality of action (Kriya). By applying these principles, the paper proposes methods for students to enhance the quality of their studies, increase focus, and achieve desired academic outcomes. The Yoga Vasistha suggests these parameters as a gateway to liberation, Moksha. However, for a student, achieving great success in his studies can be envisioned as achieving Moksha. This paper suggests practical ways to incorporate these timeless teachings into the modern student's routine, aiming to achieve greater academic success.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yateen Joshi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE CONTEXT OF EDUCATION AND AREA
When lives are going well, psychological well-being is achieved. It is the result of both feeling well and performing well. However, when negative emotions are severe or persistent and interfere with a person's capacity to carry out daily tasks, psychological well-being is compromised. The prime aim of the study was to explore psychological well-being in education and other areas. All this information was collected by the Tapovan Centre of Children’s Research University and Gandhinagar District. Psychological Wellbeing Scale has been developed by Dr. Devendra singh Sisodiya and Ms. Pooja Chaudhary (2012) and Gujarati standardized by Prajapati A. and Raval P. (2019). 120 pregnant women from Gujarat's Gandhinagar district and Tapovan Centre of Children's Research University participated in the current study. This study divided Pregnant women into two groups: Education and Area. According to the specifications of the research design for this study, the sample was chosen at random from the Gandhinagar district of Gujarat using the sampling technique. Present study t-test statistics were used and applied, both groups are not significant.
Psychological well-being, Education, Area, Tapovan Centre
Copyright (c) 2025 Ronakkumar Parmar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
બાઉલ પ્રસિદ્ધિથી દૂર રહેનાર સંત પરંપરા છે. બંગાળના પરિવ્રાજક તરીકે બાઉલ ઓળખાય છે. ‘બાઉલ’ નો અર્થ પ્રેમ ! થાય છે. પ્રેમ વિના કશું નહીં, બાઉલોએ સિધ્યો અને નાથોની યોગસાધના સુધી લઈ ગયા. કારણ કે ભારતીય સાધના પરંપરામાં છેક પ્રાચીન સમયથી જ ચાલી આવી છે. બંગાળના બાઉલનો અધ્યાત્મ વિચાર પ્રત્યક્ષ જીવન વ્યવહરમાં પણ સહાજતાનો આધાર સાથે ‘સાધના ધારાય’ કે આત્મા અને અંતઃકરણ બંનેને એક જ સપાટીએ મૂકી શકતા સાધકો સાધના અને સૂક્ષ્મ સમજ દ્વારા જ પામી શકે. પરમતત્ત્વના કોઈ સ્થૂળ સંકેત વિના બોલચાલની સરળ ભાષામાં સહજ રીતે કથવાની કળા આત્મસાત છે. બાઉલના ગીતોમાં જ્ઞાન, ભક્તિ અને કર્મનો અને સમર્પણનો ભર્યો- ભર્યો સમન્વય જોવા મળે છે. બાઉલની પરંપરા બહુ પહેલાંની પરંપરા માનવામાં આવે છે. સતીશચંદ્ર વ્યાસ આ પરંપરા વિશે કહે છે. કે “પોથી પર આધારિત નહીં તેવી પરંપરાના બાઉલ પોતાની પરંપરા અનાદિ. સૂર્ય, ચંદ્ર પણ નહોતા. તે પહેલાની માને છે.”એટલા માંતે શ્રી સતીશચંદ્રે “મનેખના માંધલા” ના જાણતલ તરીકે વર્ણવ્યાં છે. જ્યાર’ બાઉલ’ નું નામ આવશે કે બોલશે ત્યારે સતીશચંદ્ર વ્યાસને યાદ કરવા પડશે. બાઉલની વાતો એક સાંસ્કૃતિક ઇતિહાસ સાથે જોડાયેલી છે. બાઉલ પોતાના ગીતોને પોતાની સાથે આત્મસાત કરે છે.તે પોતાના ગીતોને શ્રેષ્ઠટીવી સાબિત કરવામાં ક્યારેય પડતાં નથી. તેઓ ફક્ત પોતાના ગીતોને નૃત્ય દ્વારા જ વુકટ કરે છે. એટલા માટે તારક વડે સમજવા કઠિન છે. એવા બાઉલ જેમને સંતોની ઉપમા આપવી ઘટે. સંત કોણ? જેના જીવનનો તાર પરમાત્મા સાથે જોડાઈ ગયો હોય તે સંત. સંત એટલે અધ્યાય પુરુષ. આવા અશયાએ પુરુષનું દર્શન બાઉલોમાં જોવા મળે છે.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dr. Hina Mori (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
હિન્દુસ્તાની શાસ્ત્રીય સંગીતમાં સંસ્કૃત ભાષાનું મહત્વ અને વૈશ્વિક સ્વાસ્થ્ય
ભારતીય શાસ્ત્રીય સંગીત ભારતીય સંસ્કૃતિનું મહત્વનું અંગ છે. સંસ્કૃત ભાષા, ભારતીય સંસ્કૃતિની મૂળભૂત ભાષા, આ કલાને સમૃદ્ધ બનાવે છે. હિન્દુસ્તાની શાસ્ત્રીય સંગીત અને સંસ્કૃત ભાષા વચ્ચે એક ઊંડો અને પ્રાચીન સંબંધ છે, જે સંગીતના તત્વો અને સાહિત્યને આધ્યાત્મિક ઊંચાઈ સુધી પહોંચાડે છે. સંસ્કૃત ભાષા ધ્વનિ પ્રધાન ભાષા છે. સંસ્કૃતના મૂળાક્ષરો મૂળભૂત નાદમાંથી ઉદભવ્યા છે. આ રીતે પ્રાચીન સમયથી સંસ્કૃત અને હિન્દુસ્તાની સંગીતના મૂળભૂત તત્ત્વો પરસ્પર ઓતપ્રોત રહ્યા છે. સંસ્કૃતના મંત્રો, શ્લોકો અને રાગસંગીતના મૂળભૂત તત્વો નાદબ્રહ્મનો પ્રારંભ છે. શાસ્ત્રીય સંગીતમાં સંસ્કૃત ભાષાનો ઉપયોગ માત્ર તકનિકી શાસ્ત્રીય સંગીતની શરતો અથવા શબ્દો સુધી મર્યાદિત નથી, પરંતુ તે સંગીતને આધ્યાત્મિક ઊંચાઈએ પહોંચાડે છે. આજે વૈશ્વિક સ્તરે માનસિક સ્વાસ્થ્ય, શાંતિ અને ક્યારેક રોગોપચાર માટે હિન્દુસ્તાની શાસ્ત્રીય સંગીતનો ઉપયોગ થાય છે. રાગ ભૈરવી, રાગ યમન વગેરે, મન અને શરીર પર સકારાત્મક પ્રભાવ પેદા કરે છે. જે રાગોની થેરાપ્યુટિક શક્તિ દર્શાવે છે. આ પ્રભાવ સંસ્કૃત મંત્રોના ગાન દ્વારા વધે છે, જે ધ્યાન અને મનની શાંતિમાં સહાયરૂપ છે.
સંસ્કૃત , હિન્દુસ્તાની શાસ્ત્રીય સંગીત, કલા, મન, રાગ, માનસિક સ્વાસ્થ્ય, વૈશ્વિક સ્વાસ્થ્ય, આત્માનંદ
Copyright (c) 2025 અદિતી પટવર્ધન, નેહા માંડલિયા, પ્રભુતા પટેલ (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
IDENTIFYING THEMES ON YOGA FROM SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
This study systematically reviews and synthesizes existing literature on yoga to identify key themes, trends, and research gaps. A dataset of 3,000 research papers published up to 2024 was retrieved from the Scopus database, with approximately 200 papers selected annually. A rigorous filtration process refined the dataset, resulting in a final set for analysis. The study employed factor analysis to extract and group related terms, revealing overarching themes such as Quality of Life Enhancement, Evidence-Based Yoga Research, Mental Health and Emotional Well-being, Yoga as Complementary Therapy, and Yoga Clinical Testing & Intervention Efficacy. The analysis also highlighted the role of yoga in pain management, mindfulness-based stress reduction, and specific demographic groups such as adults and women. The findings underscore yoga’s potential in improving both mental and physical health outcomes, with specific attention to mental health conditions like anxiety, depression, and stress. It also emphasizes the need for more clinical studies, particularly randomized controlled trials (RCTs), to validate yoga’s effectiveness as a complementary therapy. Additionally, the study suggests exploring yoga’s role in chronic pain management, health management for conditions like diabetes and hypertension, and its integration into multidisciplinary healthcare programs. Future research could focus on tailoring yoga interventions for targeted demographics, such as women and older adults, and investigating the synergy between mindfulness and yoga. The study provides a comprehensive overview of the evolving field of yoga research and sets the stage for further studies to enhance the understanding and application of yoga in healthcare.
Copyright (c) 2025 Pankaj Sharma (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
LORD KRISHNA’S WISDOM: A BLUEPRINT FOR EXISTENTIAL THERAPY
This paper attempts to explore how the teachings of Lord Krishna in the Bhagavad Gita align with Existential philosophy. The so-called “Four Givens” of existentialism: Freedom (or responsibility), Meaningless (or absurdity), Isolation, and Death are closely related to the teachings of Lord Krishna as applied in his discourse with Arjuna. The paper study explores how the assistance given to Arjuna fits into the concept of Existential Therapy and how the understanding and implementation of principles like self-realisation, duty (dharma) and the understanding of sufferings in the light of Bhagavad Gita, can help overcome one’s existential crisis. By highlighting the concepts of Indian Culture in the context of Existential Therapy, we can create a pattern of therapy that is more culturally sensitive and accessible to a wider range of Indian clients. The Bhagavad Gita provides a profound existential framework with its emphasis on self-awareness, duty, and inner peace, with Lord Krishna acting as the first counselor, guiding Arjuna through life’s core challenges. By addressing themes of meaning, choice, and mortality, Krishna’s wisdom offers insights that align with modern existential therapy that can be integrated into contemporary therapy for helping individuals find purpose and resilience in their lives.
Copyright (c) 2025 Harshada Thakare, Shreshta Chattopadhyay, Dr. Mahesh Tripathi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
પ્રણવઉપાસના દ્વારા શારીરિક, માનસિક અને અધ્યાત્મિક ઉન્નતિ
ભારતીય જ્ઞાન પરંપરા આદિકાળથી ચાલી આવી છે. ગુરુ શિષ્ય પરંપરા દ્વારા બ્રહ્મવિદ્યા નું અધ્યાત્મિક રહસ્ય પ્રાપ્ત થતું રહ્યું છે. ઋષિ મુનિઓએ સાધનામાં બ્રહ્મ તત્વ ની અનુભૂતિ કરી અને તેને માનવહિતમાં પ્રગટ કરી. બ્રહ્મવિદ્યા એ અન્ય વિદ્યાઓની જનની છે, જે અંતર્ગત સંગીતવિદ્યા, નૃત્યવિદ્યા, આયુર્વિધ્યા, જ્યોતિષવિદ્યા, આદિ ચોસઠ વિદ્યાનો સમાવેશ થાય છે. વિદ્યા કોઈપણ હોય તેના દ્વારા જ્ઞાન અર્જિત કરી શકાય છે. જ્ઞાન ઉપાસકો બ્રહ્મવિદ્યા દ્વારા આધ્યાત્મિક ઉન્નતિ સાધવાના પ્રયાસો કરે છે. યોગવિદ્યા ને પણ બ્રહ્મવિદ્યા કહેવામાં આવે છે. શાસ્ત્રોમાં પ્રણવોપાસના વર્ણવાયેલ છે. ૐ ને વેદોએ બ્રહ્મતત્વ કહ્યું છે. ૐ નાદબ્રહ્મ તરીકે ઓળખાય છે તેમ પ્રાણને પણ બ્રહ્મ તરીકે ઓળખવામાં આવે છે. યોગોપાસના એજ પ્રાણોપાસના છે યોગોપાસના માં પ્રાણાયમ અને પ્રણવની એકતા સિદ્ધ થયેલી છે. વેદોમાં ૐ વિદ્યાનું વિષદ વર્ણન જોવા મળે છે તેમાં ૐ ની પ્રાણક્રિયા દ્વારા ઉપાસનાની પદ્ધતિ વર્ણવાયેલ છે. પ્રાણોપાસના કરવા માટે શરીર માધ્યમ બને છે, આધ્યાત્મિક ઉન્નતિ પ્રાપ્ત કરવા માટે પ્રથમ સ્વસ્થ શરીર અને સ્વસ્થ મનની આવશ્યકતા રહે છે. શારીરિક અને માનસિક સ્વાસ્થ્ય પ્રાણોપાસના દ્વારા પ્રાપ્ત કરી શકાય. પ્રાણોપાસનામાં જ્યારે ૐ ને યુક્ત કરવામાં આવે ત્યારે ઉપાસકનો સર્વાંગી વિકાસ થાય છે,તે માટે મંત્રઉપાસના, પ્રાણાયામઉપાસના, કુંડલીનીઉપાસના, નાદોપાસના વ્યક્તિને આધ્યાત્મિકતા નીસાથે સ્વાથ્ય પણ પ્રદાન કરે છે, પ્રણવઉપાસના થી મન એકાગ્ર બને છે, પ્રસ્તુત સંશોધનમાં શાસ્ત્રગ્રંથો નો આધાર લેવામાં આવ્યો છે. ૐ ઉપાસના દ્વારા વ્યક્તિ શારીરિક માનસિક, આધ્યાત્મિક ઉન્નતિ કેવી રીતે કરી શકે છે તે સંશોધન નો ઉદેશ્ય રહેલો છે.
જ્ઞાનપરંપરા, પ્રણવોપાસના, પ્રાણાયામ, કુંડલીની, નાદ, શારીરિક, માનસિક આધ્યાત્મિક ઉન્નતિ.
Copyright (c) 2025 પ્રીતીબા રાણા (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CHALLENGES IN TEACHING SANSKRIT IN MODERN EDUCATION SYSTEMS IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIAL ATTITUDES
Modern education systems focus on fostering intellectual growth of students. This research article aims to shed light on the challenges in teaching Sanskrit in modern education systems with regard to social attitudes. The New Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) places emphasis on integration of traditional knowledge systems, including Sanskrit into modern curriculum. Sanskrit plays a crucial role in preserving the heritage of India while also fostering skills that are valuable in various academic pursuits. Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) emphasizes experiential and contextual learning, where knowledge is firmly grounded in real-world situations and practical experiences (Sehgal, 2023). The NEP 2020 introduced several reforms aimed at transforming India’s education system. It seeks to revive and promote sanskrit considering its importance in understanding India’s cultural roots. However, it also acknowledges the difficulty of language and limited practical application in routine life. The article also presents probable solutions to overcome the challenges in teaching sanskrit.
Sanskrit, Teaching, Education, NEP 2020, Social attitudes
Copyright (c) 2025 Vipra Oza (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PERCEPTION IN CLASSICAL INDIAN PHILOSOPHY: EXPLORING SENSUOUS AND NON-SENSUOUS KNOWLEDGE
“Though Philosophy is a system of thought, the experience it organises must be both rich and comprehensive. The vision of the philosopher is the reaction of his whole personality to the nature of the experience world. It is a mistake to think that the only qualifications for elucidating truth in the sphere of philosophy are purely intellectual. Only those whose lives are deep and rich light on the really vital syntheses significant for mankind.” (1)(S. Radhakrishnan, 1929). So a right method of knowledge is required to sense the world in the right way. Western world takes the help of perception and inferences as methods and deals Epistemology and Metaphysics separately. Indian Philosophy uses Epistemology and Metaphysics interdependently. There are six distinct methods of knowledge as per Classical Indian Text, perception being one of them, considered as immediate cognition, is chosen for the study because it has been agreed by all i.e. Western world and all the Indian School of Philosophy, with some differences i.e. sensuous only or sensuous and non-sensuous both. This research paper delves into the concept of Perception and its mechanism as per the Classical Indian Texts to understand the need of non-sensuous perception which makes the Indian Philosophy unique.
Perception, Epistemology, Sankhya, Nayayiks, Vedantis, Yogdarshan, Gita, Pratyaksha, Upaman, Arthapatti, Anuplabdhi
Copyright (c) 2025 Sangita Agrawal, Shivam Tripathi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
IMPACT OF THE BHAGWAD GITA ON GLOBAL WELL BEING
The Bhagavad Gita, a timeless spiritual and philosophical text, has profoundly influenced humanity since ancient times, offering guidance on ethical living, personal growth, and universal harmony. Its teachings have not only shaped individual personalities but have also impacted societal structures and global consciousness, transcending cultural and geographical boundaries. The Gita’s core message revolves around the interplay of action, wisdom, and devotion, providing practical insights into navigating life’s challenges while maintaining inner peace and purpose. This paper explores the multifaceted impact of the Shrimad Bhagavad Gita on global well-being, focusing on key areas such as stress management, mental well-being, interpersonal relations, and environmental sustainability. In today’s fast-paced world, marked by rising stress, anxiety, and uncertainty, the Gita’s principles—such as detachment from outcomes (nishkama karma) and the cultivation of equanimity—offer practical tools to manage stress and attain mental clarity. Its teachings on self-awareness, mindfulness, and emotional balance serve as a foundation for promoting mental health and resilience. Furthermore, the Gita emphasizes values like empathy, selflessness, and harmony, which are essential for building healthier interpersonal relationships and fostering social cohesion. On a broader scale, the Gita’s call to respect and protect nature reflects its relevance to modern environmental concerns, inspiring sustainable living and ecological balance. By addressing these critical areas, the Bhagavad Gita remains a beacon of timeless wisdom, offering solutions to contemporary challenges. Its universal teachings continue to guide individuals and societies toward a more harmonious, peaceful, and sustainable world, underscoring its enduring relevance in today’s global landscape.
Bhagwad Gita, ISKON, stress management, mental well – being, interpersonal relationship, environmental sustainability
Copyright (c) 2025 Dhairyavi Anjaria (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE SCOPE OF YOGA TEACHERS IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTES IN ACCORDANCE WITH NEP 2020 AND YCB
The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 has brought significant reforms to the Indian education system, emphasizing holistic, multidisciplinary, and inclusive learning. A key component of this reform is the promotion of physical and mental well-being, with yoga playing a vital role in achieving these objectives. This policy has opened up a range of opportunities for both online and offline yoga teachers in higher education institutes. The NEP 2020 has placed yoga at the heart of India’s educational reform, presenting an unprecedented opportunity for yoga instructors. By adopting innovative teaching methodologies and aligning with institutional goals, yoga teachers can make a meaningful impact on the lives of students. As higher education evolves, yoga educators will play a crucial role in shaping a healthier, smarter generation. The introduction of yoga education is aligned with the broader goals of NEP 2020 to cultivate individuals who are not only academically proficient but also emotionally balanced and socially responsible. The Yoga Certification Board (YCB), established by the Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, is the first and only government-recognized body dedicated to certifying professionals in the field of yoga. YCB certifies yoga practitioners across various levels and categories, enabling individuals to choose certification pathways aligned with their skills and competencies. YCB is continually working to introduce additional levels to cater to evolving professional demands. This certification system aims to professionalize yoga, transforming it from an informal career choice into a structured profession. Certified yoga professionals gain access to enhanced job opportunities in higher education institutes. This study ultimately aims to provide insights into the transformative role of yoga education, supporting its integration as a core component of higher education in India.
Yoga Teachers, NEP 2020, YCB, Yoga teachers training
Copyright (c) 2025 Neha Mandaliya, Aditi Patwardhan, Dr. Nehal Dave (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MENTAL HEALTH AMONG THE PLAYERS OF CRICKET AND VOLLEYBALL
The pressure to perform well in every game can lead to significant psychological strain. The social dynamics of team sports also impact mental well-being. As a competitive team sport, cricket presents unique mental health challenges for players. Volleyball is an intermittent game where maintaining a high level of performance over time is required. A growing body of research has begun to focus on mental health within professional sports. This study aims to compare the mental health of cricket and volleyball players. 30 cricket and 30 volleyball players participated in the current study, aged 19 to 24. An independent t-test was used to determine whether there is any significant difference between cricket and volleyball players’ mental health. Cricket players exhibited poorer Mental health than Volleyball players. Gender-based differences revealed that Male Cricket players had poorer mental health than Male Volleyball players. No significant difference was found between the mental health of female players in both sports.
Team Game, Non-contact Sports, Anxiety, Depression, Psychological Wellbeing, Sports Performance
Copyright (c) 2024 Vidhi Patel, Prof. (Dr.) Dinesh Panchal, Kritika Rathod, Tresha Rathod (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
TRANSFORMATIVE BREAKTHROUGH IN NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY (NEP 2020) THROUGH KARMA YOGA
National Education Policy stresses on the core values and principle that the education must develop social and emotional skills, can be referred collectively as Soft Skills. This paper will focus defining the Soft skills specifically Emotional Intelligence and provide suggestions to develop soft skills through various practices of Yoga in different stages i.e Foundation, Preparatory, Middle, Secondary stages classified in NEP 2020. The focus will be on Foundation & Preparatory Stage.
Soft Skill- Emotional Intelligence, Yoga, Karma Yoga
Copyright (c) 2024 Avanti Soni, Shagun Tuteja (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE ROLE OF YOGA IN DIABETES MANAGEMENT: AN EXAMINATION OF PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL BENEFITS
Diabetes is a prevalent chronic disease that imposes a substantial burden on both individuals and society. Chronic conditions like diabetes significantly reduce quality of life, restrict daily activities, and contribute to premature mortality. When poorly managed, diabetes can result in dysfunction across multiple body systems. To address its complex symptoms, many patients seek complementary and alternative therapies alongside conventional treatments. The aim of complementary and alternative therapies is to create a healing environment, enhance self-awareness, and activate the body's self-healing capacity. Diabetic patients frequently use complementary and alternative therapies to regulate blood sugar levels and prevent complications. Common complementary and alternative therapies practices in diabetes management include yoga, acupuncture, reflexology, aromatherapy, and herbal therapies. These methods are primarily employed to promote overall well-being, stabilize blood glucose, and reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications. This article was compiled to be both informative and useful for future research on the effects of yoga in diabetes management.
Diabetes, Yoga therapy, Human Health, Complementary therapies, Blood glucose level, HbA1c
Copyright (c) 2024 Şule Çalışır Kundakçı (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EFFICACY OF YOGASANA, ANULOM VILOM PRANAYAMA AND MITAHAR PRACTICE ON COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS AMONG YOGA TEACHERS TRAINING COURSE (YTTC) STUDENTS
Background: The present study tries to find out the effect of Yogasana and Anulom Vilom Pranayama and Mitahar (Moderation in diet) on cognitive functions among Yoga teacher training students. Method: This study included 125 participants of a 45 days Yoga Teachers Training Course (YTTC) from Lakulish Yoga University, Ahmedabad. Data were gathered using the “Cognition self-assessment rating scale (C-SARS)” A single group pre-test and post-test research design was used. Paired T-test was used for data analysis. Results: The mean difference of 6.62 between pre data collections and post data collection shows that mean value is higher for post data collection. The highly significant P value (P < 0.0001) and the large t=11.1288 indicate that this difference is statistically significant. The 95% confidence interval of this difference: From 5.45 to 7.80 further confirms this by showing a positive range that does not cross zero. Conclusion & Findings: These results support that practice of Yogasan, Pranayama and Moderate diet helps to improve Cognitive functions. This finding is robust and claims that good cognitive function contributes to overall well-being and life satisfaction. It allows individuals to engage fully in life and Yoga can be a great tool to achieve it.
Yogasana, Anulom Vilom Pranayama, Cognitive functions, Psychology, C-SARS, Yoga teachers training course (YTTC) students
Copyright (c) 2024 Sonu Singh, Neha Mandaliya, Prof. (Dr.) Dinesh Panchal, Dr. Nehal Dave (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE BHAGAVAD GITA: A TIMELESS GUIDE TO ETHICAL LIVING AND PERSONAL GROWTH THROUGH KNOWLEDGE AND ENLIGHTENMENT
The Bhagavad Gita, a revered Hindu scripture, stands as a profound philosophical treatise offering timeless life lessons that transcend cultural and religious boundaries. This study delves into the teachings of the Bhagavad Gita, exploring its influence on personal growth, ethical decision-making, and the pursuit of knowledge. By examining core concepts such as duty, selflessness, resilience, and enlightenment, this paper highlights the relevance of the Gita’s wisdom in contemporary life. The objective is to demonstrate how the Bhagavad Gita’s teachings remain pertinent today, providing guidance for leading a meaningful and ethical life in the modern world.
Copyright (c) 2024 Mr. Shivam Tripathi, Dr. Komal Sharma (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
SIGNIFICANCE OF ANTAH URJA JAGRAN SATRA ON THE SELF CONCEPT AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF PARTICIPATES
The self-concept encompasses the accumulation of self-knowledge, including beliefs about personality traits, physical attributes, abilities, values, goals, and roles. All world gayatri pariwar (AWGP) embodies the ethos of "vasudhaiva kutumbakam," or "global family," rooted in mutual harmony. The Antah urja jagran satra, organized by AWGP, is a training program where participants immerse themselves in solitude and silence, adhering to prescribed lifestyle practices. Through this spiritual journey, individuals encounter divine experiences that inspire them towards righteousness and reinforce belief in a higher power, guiding them away from wrong paths. The current study focused on 40 participants (12 male, 28 female) who underwent in Antah urja jagran satra for five days, involving regular yogic and meditation practices. Post-test scores revealed a significant impact on both male and female participants' self-concept and psychological well-being, with notably greater improvements observed in females. The study's empirical analysis explored the influence of the Antah urja jagran satra on self-concept and psychological well-being of participants.
Antah Urja Jagran Satra; Self-Concept; Psychological Well-Being; AWGP; Meditation
Copyright (c) 2024 Amrita Sharma, Savita Mishra (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EFFECTIVENESS OF SLEEPER’S STRETCHING ON RANGE OF MOTION IN OVERHEAD ATHLETES WITH GLENOHUMERAL INTERNAL ROTATION DEFICIT
Background -This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of sleeper’ stretching exercise on range of motion and proprioception in overhead athletes with glenohumeral internal rotation deficit. Study design-Pre and Post, intervention, using a within subjects and between subjects comparison of a convenience sample. Methods-Glen humeral internal rotation, external rotation and total rotational motion of the dominant and non-dominant shoulders of overhead athletes were measured using a universal goniometer. Determinations were made as to the degree of Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit (GIRD) in the dominant shoulder. A daily (5 days per week), 4-week posterior capsule stretching program was administered. Post-stretching internal rotation, external rotation and total rotational motion measures were again obtained. Results- The result showed significant improvement in IR in both groups i.e. dominant and non-dominant arm, from the descriptive data analysis it has been seen that the effect of sleeper’s stretch was more in group 1 (dominant arm) than the group 2 (non-dominant arm) with a P value of F (1) =144.94, p<0.05 and F (1) =20.196, p<0.05 respectively. No statistically significant improvement in range of motion was found for external rotation, non-dominant arm external rotation, and non-dominant arm total motion. Conclusions-Main findings of this study demonstrated that the sleeper’s stretching protocol was significantly effective for increasing internal rotation and total rotational motion of dominant arm and.
sleeper’s stretching, range of motion, glenohumeral internal rotation deficit
Copyright (c) 2024 Prahlad Priyadrshi, Shivani Sharma, Anuradha Lehri, Amir Khan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EMOTIONAL REGULATION: HAPPINESS AMONG STUDENTS IN MODERN EDUCATION VS. GURUKULAM EDUCATION SYSTEMS
Education shapes individuals and society, evolving through diverse philosophies and methods. From ancient Gurukulam teachings to modern digital pedagogies, education reflects tradition and innovation, philosophy, and technology. By comparing students from Modern Education System (MES) and Gurukul Education System (GES), we explore the impact of Gurukul-inspired education on emotional regulation and happiness, alongside examining the foundational principles and historical significance of the ancient Gurukul system in India. Methodology: Sixty students, aged between 16 and 25 years, participated in this study, with 30 students each from Gurukul Education System (GES) and Modern Education System (MES). Both GES and MES groups were evenly divided into sub-groups of 15 males and 15 females. Discussion: The 0.7 difference in average emotional intelligence scores between Gurukulam Education System (GES) and Modern Education System (MES) students suggests that GES students, rooted in philosophy, show higher emotional intelligence compared to MES students influenced by technology. This highlights the impact of educational paradigms on emotional development, indicating the potential benefits of philosophical grounding. Further investigation is needed to understand underlying factors and implications for student growth. Conclusion: In conclusion, Gurukul Education System (GES) students scored higher in emotional intelligence compared to Modern Education System (MES) students. This underscores the potential advantage of incorporating philosophical teachings, as seen in GES, into contemporary education for better emotional development.
Happiness analysis, Modern Education System, Gurukul Education System, Emotional regulation and intelligence
Copyright (c) 2024 Khushi Bhavsar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A THREE MONTHS YOGA PROGRAM ON COGNITIVE VARIABLES OF DEMENTIA RISK PARTICIPANTS: A PILOT STUDY
Background: Dementia refers to symptoms that affect memory, thinking, orientation, judgment, speech, and social abilities significantly enough to interfere with daily activities. Dementia is the second most prevalent disease worldwide. Materials & Methods: A total of thirty individuals, with an average age of 52.4 years (± 7.68 years), were enrolled and then assigned at random to either the yoga group (average age 50.9 years ± 7.23 years) or the control group (average age 52.2 years ± 7.73 years). For a duration of three months, the control group participated in brisk walking sessions lasting thirty minutes five days a week, whereas the yoga group endured sixty-minute yoga sessions five days a week. Before and after the three-month intervention period for both groups, working memory was evaluated using the N back task, and executive function was examined using the Trail Making Test (TMT). Results: A significant difference was observed in all four parameters of N back test in yoga group as compared to the control group (P < 0.05) after 12 weeks [ H1( P = 0.01), E1( P = 0.009), H2 (P = 0.0007), E2 ( P = 0.006 ]. There was improvement in the Trail Making Test, but did not observe the significant difference in the yoga group as compared to the control group ( P > 0.05), [ A ( P = 0.096), B ( P = 0.569)]. Conclusion: The result of this pilot study suggests that yoga practices for dementia risk participants improves the Hit score of the N back test and reduces errors, similarly this improves the executive functions of the brain. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Copyright (c) 2024 Manisha Singh, Dr. Divyansh Jain (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
YOGA CAN AMELIORATE QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS: A REVIEW
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a condition in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the central nervous system (CNS). MS is characterised by the presence of inflammation, demyelination, and the formation of scar (sclerosis) in the white matter of the brain and spinal cord. This leads to a wide range of symptoms associated with multiple sclerosis, encompassing physical, emotional, and psychological manifestations such as fatigue, chronic pain, impaired mobility, imbalance, spasticity, cognitive impairment, depression, bladder and bowel dysfunction, visual and speech impairments and sensory disturbances. Currently, the aetiology and treatment for MS are still unidentified, and it impacts over 2.8 million individuals globally. Disease modifying therapy (DMT) for MS, which aids in reducing the development of lesions in the white matter of the central nervous system (CNS), is expensive and has notable side effects. Consequently, individuals diagnosed with MS are increasingly turning to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) as a means to alleviate or conquer MS symptoms and improve their overall quality of life. Among the many kinds of CAM, yoga has emerged as a particularly popular choice. The present review aims to elucidate the possible influence of yoga on enhancing the quality of life in individuals diagnosed with MS. A comprehensive search was undertaken on Google Scholar, included fourteen publications published between 2004 and February 2024. Based on the available data of low to moderate quality, yoga seems to be useful in enhancing the quality of life for individuals with MS.
Copyright (c) 2024 Bharti Patel, Biman Bihari Paul (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
VIPASSANA- NAVIGATING TOWARDS MENTAL PEACE
Our saints and sages have consistently stressed the importance of attaining mental peace, believing in the innate self-healing capabilities of the human mind. Often characterized as the "Monkey Mind" due to its tendency to wander, the mind can be effectively managed by heightening internal awareness through observation and acceptance of things as they are. Vipassana, an ancient mindfulness meditation rooted in yoga, is gaining recognition in the 21st century as a comprehensive approach to mental health and well-being. It integrates fundamental metaphysical aspects of the mind and spirit with the body. Numerous studies have demonstrated that Vipassana practice leads to emotional stability, increased life satisfaction, sharper cognitive and perceptual abilities, indicative of positive psychological well-being and an improved quality of life (Anderson, 2000; Fleishman, 1999; Srinivasan, 1992; Inwongsakul et al., 2015). Various psychological researches have shown that Vipassana reduces instances of violence and crime, both towards oneself and others, while also promoting mental tranquility, resilience, and fostering qualities such as love, compassion, and forgiveness (Shapiro et al., 2005; Hart, 1987; Kochargaonkar, 2005). Hence, the objective of this study is to underscore Vipassana as a pathway to achieving mental peace.
Copyright (c) 2024 Isha Patwa, Dr. Vivek Maheshwari (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS STYLES OF MANTRA CHANTING ON STUDENT’S COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE
Background: Mantra is a tool to enhance mood regulation, stress management skills, and concentration and awareness. Materials & Methods: There were 35 participants including men and women between the age of 20 to 45 years, in the present study. They were all instructed to recite the "Mahamrityunjaya mantra (MM)" for ten days as an orientation programme. Cognitive tools such the Six Letter Cancellation Test (SLCT), Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS), and Mindfulness Attention and Awareness Scale (MAAS) were used. These tools were used to evaluate all six sessions, including the baseline. On the first day of the program, all participants underwent a 10-day orientation, a seven-day washout period, and seven days of post-recording, which included loud chanting (LC), lips movement (LM), silent chanting (SC), audio listening (AL), and silent sitting (SS). As each session lasted 20 minutes, recordings were made for the post-assessment following the intervention for 20 minutes. Results: The Repeated measure ANOVA, Friedman test, and Wilcoxon signed ranked tests were done to analyse the data. The Mindfulness following mantra chanting was significantly higher during loud chanting (LC) (p<0.05) compared to the silent chanting (SC) and the baseline. Also, the scores of digits backward (DB) were significantly higher in LC (p<0.01), LM (p<0.05), SC (p<0.001), and AL (p<0.01), compared to baseline. Conclusion: Results of the current study suggested that mindfulness prevails following the practice of LC and short-term memory following SC suggestive of more information processing in the amygdala, hippocampus, and pre-central cortex.
Copyright (c) 2024 Ananta Gopal Kuanar Baboo, Dr. Divyansh Jain (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE EFFECT OF A 10-WEEK YOGA BASED INTERVENTION ON IMPROVING HAND GRIP STRENGTH OF AFFECTED ARM IN WOMEN AT RISK FOR BREAST CANCER RELATED LYMPHEDEMA: A RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL
Background: Decrease strength, swelling, pain, and stiffness in the arm caused by breast cancer related lymphedema can make everyday activities challenging and hinder both fine and gross motor skills. This study aims to investigate whether a yoga-based intervention is practical, safe, and potentially beneficial for women who have had surgery and are at high risk of developing lymphedema after breast cancer treatment. Method: A pre – post control experimental random group research design was used. 40 samples (≥ 40 to ≤ 50) years were taken from HCG cancer hospital of Ahmedabad and randomly assigned to control (n=20) and experimental (n=20) group. The experimental group participated in a 10-week yoga-based intervention, with sessions held 5 days a week. Both groups had their hand grip strength of affected arm measured using a GBEX Hand Dynamometer. Results: Collected data were analysed through dependent sample (paired) 't'-test. Result of hand grip strength of affected arm of experimental group was very statistically significant (at p=0.0034) but in control group there was not statically significant (at p =0.5906) among women at risk for breast cancer related lymphedema. Conclusion: Experimental group has shown statistically significant improvement in hand grip strength of affected arm in women at risk for breast cancer related lymphedema.
Copyright (c) 2024 Dr. Minal Panchal, Dr. Biman Paul (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EFFECTIVENESS OF YOGA THERAPY IN RURAL WOMEN WITH TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM)
Background: Diabetes mellitus is chronic condition due to impaired functions of pancreas and leads to less insulin production or no insulin production. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar. Increased blood sugar is a common effect of uncontrolled diabetes. It requires medical as well as lifestyle modifications for the management. With the increasing prevalence of sedentary lifestyles and declining treatment efficacy, regular exercise, particularly "yoga," appears to be an economically feasible as well as beneficial adjunct in the management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Method: Random sampling method approach is adopted to identify forty samples. 40 samples between 35 to 45 years were taken from rural area of Mehasana district and randomly assigned to control (n=20) and experimental (n=20) group. The experimental group participated in a 12-week yoga therapy class, with sessions held 5 days a week. Both groups’ HbA1c blood glucose level measured. Results: Paired t-test was used to estimate difference in means calculated before and after yoga therapy in a same group. A p-value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result of HbA1c of experimental group was very statistically significant (at p<0.05) but in control group there was not statically significant (at p =0.382) among rural women. Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated that the yoga therapy is effective in reducing the blood glucose levels in patients with T2DM. A comprehensive yoga therapy program has the potential to enhance the beneficial effects of standard medical management of Diabetes Mellitus and can be used as an integrative therapy for controlling the blood glucose level.
Copyright (c) 2024 Chirag Andhariya, Dr. Kashyapnath Upadhyay, Rupal Dilipbhai Gandhi, Dr. Minal Panchal (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
YOGA FOR STRESS REDUCTION: A PSYCHOLOGIST'S PERSPECTIVE
In the relentless pace of modern life, stress has become a ubiquitous challenge with profound implications for mental well-being. This article presents a psychologist's perspective on the integration of yoga as a holistic approach to stress reduction. Examining the psychological dimensions of chronic stress, we lay the foundation for understanding the need for innovative interventions beyond conventional methods. Navigating the philosophy of yoga, we explore its inherent mind-body interconnectedness, shedding light on its potential to address the root causes of stress. Supported by scientific evidence, we delve into the physiological and neurological changes associated with yoga practices, emphasizing its relevance in contemporary psychological contexts. By weaving together traditional psychological approaches with yogic principles, we propose a nuanced and effective strategy for stress management. Providing practical recommendations for psychologists, we discuss the incorporation of yoga into therapeutic practices and its potential impact on client outcomes. Nevertheless, we acknowledge considerations and potential contraindications, underscoring the importance of tailored approaches.
Copyright (c) 2024 Dr. Mohsin Garana (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
INTEGRATING YOGA INTO MENTAL HEALTH CARE: ENHANCING HOLISTIC WELL-BEING
Yoga is a holistic practice that originated in ancient India and has evolved over thousands of years. It encompasses physical postures (asanas), breathing exercises (pranayama), meditation, and ethical principles aimed at achieving harmony between the mind, body, and spirit. Yoga offers numerous benefits, including improved flexibility, strength, balance, stress reduction, relaxation, and mental clarity. It is practiced by people of all ages and backgrounds worldwide, with various styles and approaches catering to different needs and preferences. Beyond its physical aspects, yoga is often embraced as a lifestyle that promotes overall well-being and inner peace. Yoga in mental health care refers to the integration of yoga practices, such as physical postures (asanas), breathing techniques (pranayama), meditation, and mindfulness, into therapeutic interventions for individuals dealing with mental health challenges. It aims to promote emotional regulation, stress reduction, improved self-awareness, and overall well-being as adjunctive or complementary treatments alongside traditional mental health interventions. Yoga in integrative medicine refers to the incorporation of yoga practices into a holistic approach to healthcare that combines conventional medical treatments with complementary and alternative therapies. Integrative medicine emphasizes treating the whole person—mind, body, and spirit—to promote overall health and wellness. Yoga, with its focus on physical postures, breathing techniques, meditation, and mindfulness, can play a significant role in managing various health conditions and enhancing overall well-being when integrated into an integrative medicine approach. Yoga in integrative mental health care involves the incorporation of yoga practices, such as physical postures, breathing exercises, meditation, and mindfulness, into a comprehensive approach to mental health treatment. Integrative mental health care emphasizes treating the whole person and considers various factors contributing to mental well-being, including biological, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects. Yoga can be used as an adjunctive or complementary therapy alongside conventional mental health treatments like psychotherapy and medication. It offers a range of benefits for mental health, including stress reduction, anxiety and depression management, improved mood regulation, increased self-awareness, and enhanced emotional resilience. In integrative mental health care settings, yoga practices are often tailored to meet the specific needs and preferences of individuals with mental health concerns. Yoga sessions may be conducted in group settings or one-on-one sessions with trained instructors who can adapt the practice to accommodate different levels of ability and comfort. Research has shown promising results regarding the effectiveness of yoga in improving various mental health outcomes, making it a valuable component of integrative mental health care approaches aimed at promoting holistic well-being.
Copyright (c) 2024 Mr. Hardiksinh Kishorsinh Charan, Dr. Anu V. Kumar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE SWAN PRINCIPLE AND MEDITATION FOR SELF-TRANSFORMATION
In today's fast-paced world, where the pursuit of material success often leads to adverse effects on our character and well-being, it is crucial to recognize the limitations of wealth and external validation. While these may momentarily boost our self-image, they often result in vices and a departure from inner confidence, leading to stress, anxiety, and an ongoing quest for true fulfillment. The cornerstone of a content and thriving society lies in relationships and family, serving as pillars of stability, care, and solace. However, maintaining harmony within these relationships can be complex due to diverse perceptions, communication styles, and lifestyles. The SWAN sadhana provides a transformative approach to foster understanding and respect among family members, promoting honest communication, balance, unity, and affection. By embracing the SWAN sadhana, individuals embark on a journey of self-discovery and improvement, cultivating empathy and understanding for their loved ones. Recognizing that everyone possesses a SWAN with varying degrees of shared qualities, the sadhana becomes a tool for clearing misunderstandings, resolving conflicts, and collectively finding solutions. Patience and open-mindedness are essential when listening to each other's experiences, allowing for honest expression without blame. The concept of Sanyam, emphasizing self-restraint and controlled responses, extends beyond conflict resolution to encompass a jointly agreed-upon daily routine, providing structure and promoting responsible contributions from each family member. Swadhyaya encourages self-analysis and correction, tailoring individual roles and responsibilities within the family context. Satsang, involving positive associations and shared activities, reinforces unity, creating a positive familial atmosphere.
Copyright (c) 2024 Pramod Kumar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EFFECTS OF YOGASANA, PREKSHA MEDITATION AND SHATKARMA ON PATIENT SUFFERING FROM ORAL LICHEN PLANUS
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is one of the most chronic immune-mediated disease, till date its aetiology is unknown. Its inflammatory and psychosomatic nature affects the oral mucosa in a typical manner. One of the risk factors is emotional instability reported by many studies in patients suffering from depression, anxiety disorder, and acute stress (Panta et al., 2019). Research study on anxiety, depression, and oral lichen planus (OLP) suggests that patients with OLP experience higher levels of anxiety and depression compared to individuals with other benign oral lesions. The study found a significant association between OLP and increased levels of anxiety and depression, indicating that these psychological factors may contribute to the development and exacerbation of OLP. However, it was not definitively established that anxiety and depression are direct causative factors of OLP. The researchers recommend considering psychotherapy, antidepressants, and anxiolytic treatments as adjuncts to managing OLP alongside specific oral lesion treatments. Additionally, the study suggests that addressing the psychological well-being of OLP patients may provide added benefits in their overall management.(García-Pola Vallejo et al., 2001).The article highlights the strong correlation between psychological factors and OLP(Song et al., 2021) , This research article discusses a female patient who suffered from OLP and was under medication. Hence Yogasana, Preksha meditation and Jal Neti was offered by considering psychology, dietary patterns and stress factors. Background: A female patient age 34 years, who suffered from Oral Lichen Planus and started taking medication. A detailed history related to psychosocial, stress, dietary pattern and medication was obtained. Clinically, the OLP was diagnosed by Dental HOD in Govt. Hospital. Patient has shown reluctance towards modern medicines and also has a fear for lifetime taking medicines, she was in healthcare profession and aware that most of medicines are psychiatric and steroidal drugs and may causes lower the immune defence system. Hence a holistic approach offered by considering psychology and dietary patterns and stress factors. she was willing to voluntarily enrol for a future solution and avoidance of pharmacotherapeutic medicines. Objective: To examine the effect of Yogasana, Preksha Meditation and Shatkarma on patient suffering from Oral Lichen Planus with a holistic management approach. Method: A long-term Yogasana, Preksha Meditation and Shatkarma therapy is given and evaluates the improvement in symptoms. Result: There was gradual improvement in the symptoms of the OLP disorder and after 12 weeks of continued practice of Yogasana, Preksha Meditation and Jalaneti OLP symptoms diminished. Conclusion: Patients with OLP disorder can be successfully managed with Yogasana, Preksha Meditation and Jalaneti and this complementary therapy helps to manage OLP symptoms and improve overall well-being.
Copyright (c) 2024 Ved Prakash Saini, Prof. Dinanath Sharma (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0